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AI Overview
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The sacroiliac (SI) joint is the joint connecting the sacrum (the bone at the base of the spine) and the ilium (the upper part of the hip bone).
It plays a crucial role in transferring weight and force between the upper body and the lower limbs.
The SI joint is relatively immobile, with its primary function being to act as a shock absorber.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
Anatomy:
Location:
Situated at the base of the spine, where the sacrum meets the ilium on each side of the pelvis.
Structure:
The SI joint is formed by the articulation of the sacrum (5 fused vertebrae) and the two iliac bones.
Cartilage:
The sacral surface of the joint is covered with hyaline cartilage, while the iliac surface is covered with fibrocartilage.
Ligaments:
Strong ligaments, including the interosseous, posterior, and sacrotuberous ligaments, provide stability to the joint.
Function:
Weight Transfer:
The SI joint is essential for transferring weight from the upper body to the lower limbs.
Shock Absorption:
It acts as a shock absorber, minimizing the impact of movements and forces on the spine and pelvis.
Limited Motion:
While not a highly mobile joint, it does allow for a small amount of movement, including nutation (forward and downward movement of the sacrum).
Common Problems:
SI Joint Pain:
Pain in the lower back and buttocks, which can radiate to the hip, groin, or thigh.
Sacroiliitis:
Inflammation of the SI joint, often associated with ankylosing spondylitis or psoriatic arthritis.
Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction:
Abnormal movement or alignment of the SI joint, which can lead to pain and other symptoms.
Symptoms of SI Joint Problems:
  • Lower back pain, often on one side of the body.
  • Buttock pain, sometimes radiating down the leg.
  • Pain that worsens with sitting, standing, walking, or changing positions.
  • Stiffness and limited range of motion in the lower back and hips.
Causes of SI Joint Problems:
  • Falls or injuries to the pelvis or spine.
  • Repetitive microtrauma (common in athletes).
  • Pregnancy and childbirth.
  • Arthritis (ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis).
  • Biomechanical abnormalities.
Diagnosis:
Physical Exam:
Includes tests like the Fortin finger test, FABER test, and sacral thrust test.
Imaging:
X-rays, CT scans, or MRI may be used to visualize the joint and identify any abnormalities.
Treatment:
  • Conservative Treatments: Physical therapy, pain medication, injections (corticosteroids or nerve blocks).
  • Surgical Options: In rare cases, surgery may be considered to stabilize or fuse the joint.
This is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional. AI responses may include mistakes. Learn more
sacroiliac joint from www.mayoclinic.org
Feb 22, 2024 · The sacroiliac joints link the pelvis and lower spine. These two joints are made up of the bony structure above the tailbone, known as the ...
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sacroiliac joint from www.physio-pedia.com
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Feb 22, 2023 · More about Pain Management: https://health.ucsd.edu/specialties/pain-management/pages/default.aspx If your pain doesn't improve after these ...
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Jan 28, 2025 · The most common symptom of an SI joint problem is low back pain, which can be a constant, dull ache or a sharp, stabbing pain.