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A phased array is a collection of individual antenna, microphone, or acoustic transducer elements arranged in a pattern that allows for the shaping and steering of transmitted or received signals.
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By controlling the phase and amplitude of signals sent to or received from each element, phased arrays can create directional beams, steer them electronically, and optimize performance.
This video explains what phased arrays are and how they work:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9WxWun0E-PM&pp=0gcJCfwAo7VqN5tD
Here's a more detailed explanation:
Key Concepts:
Beamforming:
The process of combining signals from multiple elements in a specific way to create a focused beam of radiation or to enhance reception in a desired direction.
Phase Shifting:
Adjusting the timing (phase) of signals sent to or received from each element in the array.
By controlling the phase shifts, the direction of the beam can be steered electronically without physically moving the antenna.
Gain and Directivity:
Phased arrays can achieve higher gain (signal strength) and directivity (focusing of the signal) compared to single antennas.
How it Works:
Array Elements:
A phased array is made up of many individual elements (antennas, microphones, etc.) arranged in a specific pattern.
Signal Processing:
A signal is processed and fed to each element in the array.
The phase and amplitude of the signal fed to each element can be independently controlled.
Beam Steering:
By carefully adjusting the phase of the signals, the wavefront of the emitted or received signal can be steered in a desired direction.
Example:
Imagine a line of speakers.
If you play the same sound from each speaker, but delay the sound from each speaker further down the line, the sound waves will combine in a way that creates a focused beam of sound in a specific direction.
This video uses an animation to explain how phased arrays steer beams:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSDLfcNhThw&pp=0gcJCfwAo7VqN5tD
Applications:
Radar:
Phased array antennas are widely used in radar systems to track targets, scan the horizon, and perform other functions.
Satellite Communication:
Phased arrays enable more reliable and flexible satellite connectivity for moving vessels and in remote areas.
5G and Wi-Fi:
Phased arrays are key to 5G and Wi-Fi 6 technologies, allowing for focused beams and high data rates.
Medical Imaging:
Phased arrays are used in ultrasound imaging to focus and steer the ultrasound beam.
Other Applications:
Phased array principles are also used in sonar, seismology, oceanography, and other fields.
Types of Phased Arrays:
Passive Electronically Steered Arrays (PESA):
Use a single transmitter for all elements and employ phase shifters to steer the beam.
Active Electronically Scanned Arrays (AESA):
Each element has its own transmitter and receiver, allowing for more sophisticated beamforming and control.
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Phased arrays were originally conceived for use in military radar systems, to steer a beam of radio waves quickly across the sky to detect planes and missiles. These systems are now widely used and have spread to civilian applications such as 5G MIMO for cell phones.
Phased array
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In antenna theory, a phased array usually means an electronically scanned array, a computer-controlled array of antennas which creates a beam of radio waves that can be electronically steered to point in different directions without moving the... Wikipedia
People also ask
What does phased array mean in ultrasound?
Phased Arrays are arrays of ultrasound transducers that fire individual elements on the array in a specific sequence in order to direct the sound wave in a specific direction.
Is Starlink a phased array?
The net result is that the system remains focused on the satellite without the physical receiver moving at all! This is what people mean when they say that the Starlink antenna uses a “phased array.”
What is the difference between array and phased array?
Phased arrays are collections of antennas, microphones, or acoustic transducers arranged in a pattern. Arrays convert signals into radiated energy for transmission to a target. Arrays also convert incoming energy from a source or reflecting object into signals.
What is phased array ndt?
What is phased array NDT? Phased array ultrasonic testing is a form of nondestructive testing (NDT) used to inspect objects and manufactured materials such as tubes, pipes, and bolts for inconsistencies, inclusions, and other internal flaws that might jeopardize the structural integrity of the tested material.
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