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  1. Toxic multinodular goiter is a condition where one or more nodules in the thyroid gland make thyroid hormone without responding to the signal to keep thyroid hormone balanced123. This results in too much thyroid hormone being produced and released into the bloodstream, causing hyperthyroidism123. Toxic multinodular goiter is also known as Plummer disease3. The nodules function independently of thyroid-stimulating hormone and are almost always benign3.
    Weitere Informationen:
    Toxic nodule or toxic multinodular goiter refers to one or more nodules (typically benign growths) in the thyroid gland that make thyroid hormone without responding to the signal to keep thyroid hormone balanced. The end result is that too much thyroid hormone can be produced and released into the bloodstream, resulting in hyperthyroidism.

    Toxic Nodule and Toxic Multinodular Goi…

    www.thyroid.org/toxic-nodule-multinodular-goiter/
    Some multinodular goiters can be toxic, which means they make too much thyroid hormone. This causes hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism can be treated with medication that stops the production of thyroid hormone, radioactive iodine, or removal of thyroid gland tissue.

    Multinodular Goiter: What You Need to K…

    www.healthline.com/health/multinodular-goiter
    Definition A toxic multinodular goiter (MNG; also known as Plummer disease) contains multiple autonomously functioning nodules, resulting in hyperthyroidism. These nodules function independently of thyroid-stimulating hormone and are almost always benign. However, nonfunctioning thyroid nodules in the same goiter may be malignant.

    Toxic multinodular goiter - BMJ Best Prac…

    bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/714
  2. Ähnliche Fragen
    Can iodine deficiency cause a toxic multinodular goitre?
    However, iodine deficiency can cause goiter (thyroid enlargement); within a goitre, nodules can develop. Risk factors for toxic multinodular goiter include individuals over 60 years of age and being female. Symptoms of toxic multinodular goitre are similar to that of hyperthyroidism, including: Sequence of events:

    Toxic multinodular goitre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
    What is toxic multinodular goiter?
    Toxic multinodular goiter more or less corresponds to diffuse or multinodular hyperplasia of the thyroid ( Grave's disease also shows hyperplasia, but typically more prominent thickening of follicular linings): Thyroid hyperplasia with a hyperplastic nodule. It characteristically has no capsule (distinguishing it from thyroid adenoma or carcinoma).

    Toxic multinodular goitre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
    What are the symptoms of toxic multinodular goitre?
    Symptoms of toxic multinodular goitre are similar to that of hyperthyroidism, including: Sequence of events: Iodine deficiency leading to decreased T4 production. Induction of thyroid cell hyperplasia due to low levels of T4. This accounts for the multinodular goitre appearance.

    Toxic multinodular goitre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
    What are the risk factors for Toxic multinodular goitre?
    Risk factors for toxic multinodular goiter include individuals over 60 years of age and being female. Symptoms of toxic multinodular goitre are similar to that of hyperthyroidism, including: Sequence of events: Iodine deficiency leading to decreased T4 production. Induction of thyroid cell hyperplasia due to low levels of T4.

    Toxic multinodular goitre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
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    Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_multinodular_goitre

    Toxic multinodular goitre - Wikipedia

    Toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG), also known as multinodular toxic goiter (MNTG), is an active multinodular goiter associated with hyperthyroidism. It is a common cause of hyperthyroidism in which there is excess production of thyroid hormones from functionally autonomous thyroid nodules, which do not … Mehr anzeigen

    Signs and symptoms

    Symptoms of toxic multinodular goitre are similar to that of hyperthyroidism, including:
    • heat intolerance
    • muscle weakness/wasting
    • hyperactivity Mehr anzeigen

    Causes

    Sequence of events:
    1. Iodine deficiency leading to decreased T4 production.
    2. Induction of thyroid cell hyperplasia due to low levels of T4. This accounts for … Mehr anzeigen

    Treatments

    Toxic multinodular goiter can be treated with antithyroid medications such as propylthiouracil or methimazole, radioactive iodine, or with surgery. Another treatment … Mehr anzeigen

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    Diagnosis

    Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed by evaluating symptoms and physical exam findings, and by conducting laboratory tests to confirm the presence of excess thyroid hormones. It is characterized by high levels of thyroid hormone in the blood along with a … Mehr anzeigen

    History

    The usage of terminology for types of goiter has varied over the past century. Physicians and surgeons tend to differentiate … Mehr anzeigen

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  4. American Thyroid Association
    https://www.thyroid.org/toxic-nodule-multinodular-goiter

    Toxic Nodule and Toxic Multinodular Goiter - American Thyroid …

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    Thyroid Nodules: When to Worry | Johns Hopkins Medicine
    hopkinsmedicine.org
    The Difference Between Toxic and Nontoxic Goiter - Scribd
    scribd.com
    Empfohlen auf der Grundlage der beliebten • Feedback
  5. BMJ Best Practice
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/crawler/topics/en-gb/714

    Toxic multinodular goitre - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

  6. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565856

    Plummer Disease - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf

    Web11. März 2023 · Plummer disease (toxic multinodular goiter) is considered to be the second most common cause of hyperthyroidism (the first being …

    • Veröffentlicht: 2023/03/11
    Schlagwörter:
    Noman Khalid, Ahmet S. Can
    Published:2023/03/11
  7. UpToDate
    https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-toxic-adenoma-an…

    Treatment of toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter

    Schlagwörter:
    Toxic Adenoma
    Multinodular Goiter Uptodate
    Wolters Kluwer Uptodate
  8. eMedicine
    https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120497

    Toxic Nodular Goiter: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  9. American Thyroid Association
    https://www.thyroid.org/.../toxic-nodule-toxic-multinod… · PDF Datei

    Toxic Nodule and Toxic Multinodular Goiter - American Thyroid …

    Schlagwörter:
    Thyroid Hormone
    Non Toxic Multinodular Goiter Causes
  10. European Thyroid Association (ETA)
    https://www.eurothyroid.com/files/download/ETJ-2015-4 … · PDF Datei

    The 2015 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on Diagnosis …

    Schlagwörter:
    Toxic Multinodular Goitre
    Toxic Adenoma
  11. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5604688

    Toxic multinodular goitre: a surprising finding - PMC

    Schlagwörter:
    Toxic Multinodular Goitre
    Publish Year:2017
    Published:2017
  12. BMJ Best Practice
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/714

    BMJ Best Practice

    Schlagwörter:
    Non Toxic Multinodular Goiter Causes
    E04.2 Nontoxic Multinodular Goiter
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